Legislation – Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008

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Introduction

Part 1
Youth rehabilitation orders

1 Youth rehabilitation orders

2 Breach, revocation or amendment of youth rehabilitation orders

3 Transfer of youth rehabilitation orders to Northern Ireland

4 Meaning of “the responsible officer”

5 Responsible officer and offender: duties in relation to the other

6 Abolition of certain youth orders and related amendments

7 Youth rehabilitation orders: interpretation

8 Isles of Scilly

Part 2
Sentencing

9 Purposes etc. of sentencing: offenders under 18

10 Effect of restriction on imposing community sentences

11 Restriction on power to make a community order

12 Pre-sentence reports

13 Sentences of imprisonment for public protection

14 Sentences of detention for public protection

15 Extended sentences for certain violent or sexual offences: persons 18 or over

16 Extended sentences for certain violent or sexual offences: persons under 18

17 The assessment of dangerousness

18 Further amendments relating to sentences for public protection

19 Indeterminate sentences: determination of tariffs

20 Consecutive terms of imprisonment

21 Credit for period of remand on bail: terms of imprisonment and detention

22 Credit for period of remand on bail: other cases

23 Credit for period of remand on bail: transitional provisions

24 Minimum conditions for early release under section 246(1) of Criminal Justice Act 2003

25 Release on licence under Criminal Justice Act 2003 of prisoners serving extended sentences

26 Release of certain long-term prisoners under Criminal Justice Act 1991

27 Application of section 35(1) of Criminal Justice Act 1991 to prisoners liable to removal from the UK

28 Release of fine defaulters and contemnors under Criminal Justice Act 1991

29 Release of prisoners after recall

30 Further review and release of prisoners after recall

31 Recall of life prisoners: abolition of requirement for recommendation by Parole Board

32 Release of prisoners recalled following release under Criminal Justice Act 1991

33 Removal under Criminal Justice Act 1991

34 Removal under Criminal Justice Act 2003

35 Referral conditions

36 Power to revoke a referral order

37 Extension of period for which young offender contract has effect

38 Imposition of unpaid work requirement for breach of community order

39 Youth default orders

40 Power to impose attendance centre requirement on fine defaulter

41 Disclosure of information for enforcing fines

Part 3
Appeals

42 Power to dismiss certain appeals following references by the CCRC: England and Wales

43 Power to dismiss certain appeals following references by the CCRC: Northern Ireland

44 Determination of prosecution appeals: England and Wales

45 Determination of prosecution appeals: Northern Ireland

46 Review of sentence on reference by Attorney General

47 Further amendments relating to appeals in criminal cases

Part 4
Other criminal justice provisions

48 Alternatives to prosecution for offenders under 18

49 Protection for spent cautions under Rehabilitation of Offenders Act 1974

50 Criminal conviction certificates and criminal record certificates

51 Bail conditions: electronic monitoring

52 Bail for summary offences and certain other offences to be tried summarily

53 Allocation of offences triable either way etc.

54 Trial or sentencing in absence of accused in magistrates’ courts

55 Extension of powers of non-legal staff

56 Provisional grant of right to representation

57 Disclosure of information to enable assessment of financial eligibility

58 Pilot schemes

59 SFO’s pre-investigation powers in relation to bribery and corruption: foreign officers etc.

60 Contents of an accused’s defence statement

61 Compensation for miscarriages of justice

62 Annual report on Criminal Justice (Terrorism and Conspiracy) Act 1998

Part 5
Criminal law

63 Possession of extreme pornographic images

64 Exclusion of classified films etc.

65 Defences: general

66 Defence: participation in consensual acts

67 Penalties etc. for possession of extreme pornographic images

68 Special rules relating to providers of information society services

69 Indecent photographs of children: England and Wales

70 Indecent photographs of children: Northern Ireland

71 Maximum penalty for publication etc. of obscene articles

72 Offences committed outside the United Kingdom

73 Grooming and adoption

74 Hatred on the grounds of sexual orientation

75 Offences relating to the physical protection of nuclear material and nuclear facilities

76 Reasonable force for purposes of self-defence etc.

77 Power to alter penalty for unlawfully obtaining etc. personal data

78 New defence for purposes of journalism and other special purposes

79 Abolition of common law offences of blasphemy and blasphemous libel

Part 6
International co-operation in relation to criminal justice matters

80 Requests to other member States: England and Wales

81 Procedure on issue of certificate: England and Wales

82 Requests to other member States: Northern Ireland

83 Procedure on issue of certificate: Northern Ireland

84 Requests from other member States: England and Wales

85 Procedure on receipt of certificate by designated officer

86 Modification of Magistrates’ Courts Act 1980

87 Requests from other member States: Northern Ireland

88 Procedure on receipt of certificate by clerk of petty sessions

89 Modification of Magistrates’ Courts (Northern Ireland) Order 1981

90 Transfer of certificates to central authority for Scotland

91 Recognition of financial penalties: general

92 Interpretation of sections 80 to 91 etc.

93 Delivery of prisoner to place abroad for purposes of transfer out of the United Kingdom

94 Issue of warrant transferring responsibility for detention and release of an offender to or from the relevant Minister

95 Powers to arrest and detain persons believed to fall within section 4A(3) of Repatriation of Prisoners Act 1984

96 Amendments relating to Scotland

97 Power to transfer functions under Crime (International Co-operation) Act 2003 in relation to direct taxation

Part 7
Violent offender orders

98 Violent offender orders

99 Qualifying offenders

100 Applications for violent offender orders

101 Making of violent offender orders

102 Provisions that orders may contain

103 Variation, renewal or discharge of violent offender orders

104 Interim violent offender orders

105 Notice of applications

106 Appeals

107 Offenders subject to notification requirements

108 Notification requirements: initial notification

109 Notification requirements: changes

110 Notification requirements: periodic notification

111 Notification requirements: travel outside United Kingdom

112 Method of notification and related matters

113 Offences

114 Supply of information to Secretary of State etc.

115 Supply of information by Secretary of State etc.

116 Information about release or transfer

117 Interpretation of Part 7

Part 8
Anti-social behaviour

118 Closure orders: premises associated with persistent disorder or nuisance

119 Offence of causing nuisance or disturbance on NHS premises

120 Power to remove person causing nuisance or disturbance

121 Guidance about the power to remove etc.

122 Nuisance or disturbance on HSS premises

123 Review of anti-social behaviour orders etc.

124 Individual support orders

125 Parenting contracts and parenting orders: local authorities

Part 9
Policing

126 Police misconduct and performance procedures

127 Investigation of complaints of police misconduct etc.

128 Financial assistance under section 57 of Police Act 1996

129 Inspection of police authorities

Part 10
Special immigration status

130 Designation

131 “Foreign criminal”

132 Effect of designation

133 Conditions

134 Support

135 Support: supplemental

136 End of designation

137 Interpretation: general

Part 11
Miscellaneous

138 Amendment of section 127 of Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994

139 Power to suspend the operation of section 127 of Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994

140 Disclosure of information about convictions etc. of child sex offenders to members of the public

141 Sexual offences prevention orders: relevant sexual offences

142 Notification requirements: prescribed information

143 Persistent sales of tobacco to persons under 18

144 Power to require data controllers to pay monetary penalty

145 Amendments to armed forces legislation

146 Convention against human trafficking

Part 12
General

147 Orders, rules and regulations

148 Consequential etc. amendments and transitional and saving provision

149 Repeals and revocations

150 Financial provisions

151 Effect of amendments to criminal justice provisions applied for purposes of service law

152 Extent

153 Commencement

154 Short title

SCHEDULES

SCHEDULE 1 Further provisions about youth rehabilitation orders

SCHEDULE 2 Breach, revocation or amendment of youth rehabilitation orders

SCHEDULE 3 Transfer of youth rehabilitation orders to Northern Ireland

SCHEDULE 4 Youth rehabilitation orders: consequential and related amendments

SCHEDULE 5 Offences specified for the purposes of sections 225(3A) and 227(2A) of Criminal Justice Act 2003

SCHEDULE 6 Credit for period of remand on bail: transitional provisions

SCHEDULE 7 Youth default orders: modification of provisions applying to youth rehabilitation orders

SCHEDULE 8 Appeals in criminal cases

SCHEDULE 9 Alternatives to prosecution for persons under 18

SCHEDULE 10 Protection for spent cautions under Rehabilitation of Offenders Act 1974

SCHEDULE 11 Electronic monitoring of persons released on bail subject to conditions

SCHEDULE 12 Bail for summary offences and certain other offences to be tried summarily

SCHEDULE 13 Allocation of cases triable either way etc.

SCHEDULE 14 Special rules relating to providers of information society services

SCHEDULE 15 Sexual offences: grooming and adoption

SCHEDULE 16 Hatred on the grounds of sexual orientation

SCHEDULE 17 Offences relating to nuclear material and nuclear facilities

SCHEDULE 18 Penalties suitable for enforcement in England and Wales or Northern Ireland

SCHEDULE 19 Grounds for refusal to enforce financial penalties

SCHEDULE 20 Closure orders: premises associated with persistent disorder or nuisance

SCHEDULE 21 Nuisance or disturbance on HSS premises

SCHEDULE 22 Police misconduct and performance procedures

SCHEDULE 23 Investigation of complaints of police misconduct etc.

SCHEDULE 24 Section 327A of Criminal Justice Act 2003: meaning of “child sex offence”

SCHEDULE 25 Amendments to armed forces legislation

SCHEDULE 26 Minor and consequential amendments

SCHEDULE 27 Transitory, transitional and saving provisions

SCHEDULE 28 Repeals and revocations

Part 1Youth rehabilitation orders

Supplementary

7Youth rehabilitation orders: interpretation

(1)

In this Part, except where the contrary intention appears—

“accommodation provided by or on behalf of a local authority” has the same meaning as it has in the Children Act 1989 (c. 41) by virtue of section 105 of that Act;

“activity requirement”, in relation to a youth rehabilitation order, has the meaning given by paragraph 6 of Schedule 1;

“associated”, in relation to offences, is to be read in accordance with section 161(1) of the Powers of Criminal Courts (Sentencing) Act 2000 (c. 6);

“attendance centre” has the meaning given by section 221(2) of the Criminal Justice Act 2003 (c. 44);

“attendance centre requirement”, in relation to a youth rehabilitation order, has the meaning given by paragraph 12 of Schedule 1;

“curfew requirement”, in relation to a youth rehabilitation order, has the meaning given by paragraph 14 of Schedule 1;

“custodial sentence” has the meaning given by section 76 of the Powers of Criminal Courts (Sentencing) Act 2000;

“detention and training order” has the same meaning as it has in that Act by virtue of section 163 of that Act;

“drug treatment requirement”, in relation to a youth rehabilitation order, has the meaning given by paragraph 22 of Schedule 1;

“drug testing requirement”, in relation to a youth rehabilitation order, has the meaning given by paragraph 23 of Schedule 1;

“education requirement”, in relation to a youth rehabilitation order, has the meaning given by paragraph 25 of Schedule 1;

“electronic monitoring requirement”, in relation to a youth rehabilitation order, has the meaning given by paragraph 26 of Schedule 1;

“exclusion requirement”, in relation to a youth rehabilitation order, has the meaning given by paragraph 15 of Schedule 1;

“extended activity requirement”, in relation to a youth rehabilitation order, has the meaning given by paragraph 3 of Schedule 1;

“fostering requirement”, in relation to a youth rehabilitation order with fostering, has the meaning given by paragraph 18 of Schedule 1;

“guardian” has the same meaning as in the Children and Young Persons Act 1933 (c. 12);

“intoxicating substance treatment requirement”, in relation to a youth rehabilitation order, has the meaning given by paragraph 24 of Schedule 1;

“local authority” means—

(a)

in relation to England—

  1. (i)

    a county council,

  2. (ii)

    a district council whose district does not form part of an area that has a county council,

  3. (iii)

    a London borough council, or

  4. (iv)

    the Common Council of the City of London in its capacity as a local authority, and

(b)

in relation to Wales—

  1. (i)

    a county council, or

  2. (ii)

    a county borough council;

“local authority residence requirement”, in relation to a youth rehabilitation order, has the meaning given by paragraph 17 of Schedule 1;

“local probation board” means a local probation board established under section 4 of the Criminal Justice and Court Services Act 2000 (c. 43);

“mental health treatment requirement”, in relation to a youth rehabilitation order, has the meaning given by paragraph 20 of Schedule 1;

“programme requirement”, in relation to a youth rehabilitation order, has the meaning given by paragraph 11 of Schedule 1;

“prohibited activity requirement”, in relation to a youth rehabilitation order, has the meaning given by paragraph 13 of Schedule 1;

“residence requirement”, in relation to a youth rehabilitation order, has the meaning given by paragraph 16 of Schedule 1;

“the responsible officer”, in relation to an offender to whom a youth rehabilitation order relates, has the meaning given by section 4;

“supervision requirement”, in relation to a youth rehabilitation order, has the meaning given by paragraph 9 of Schedule 1;

“unpaid work requirement”, in relation to a youth rehabilitation order, has the meaning given by paragraph 10 of Schedule 1;

“youth offending team” means a team established under section 39 of the Crime and Disorder Act 1998 (c. 37);

“youth rehabilitation order” has the meaning given by section 1;

“youth rehabilitation order with fostering” has the meaning given by paragraph 4 of Schedule 1;

“youth rehabilitation order with intensive supervision and surveillance” has the meaning given by paragraph 3 of Schedule 1.

(2)

For the purposes of any provision of this Part which requires the determination of the age of a person by the court, the Secretary of State or a local authority, the person’s age is to be taken to be that which it appears to the court or (as the case may be) the Secretary of State or a local authority to be after considering any available evidence.

(3)

Any reference in this Part to an offence punishable with imprisonment is to be read without regard to any prohibition or restriction imposed by or under any Act on the imprisonment of young offenders.

(4)

If a local authority has parental responsibility for an offender who is in its care or provided with accommodation by it in the exercise of any social services functions, any reference in this Part (except in paragraphs 4 and 25 of Schedule 1) to the offender’s parent or guardian is to be read as a reference to that authority.

(5)

In subsection (4)—

“parental responsibility” has the same meaning as it has in the Children Act 1989 (c. 41) by virtue of section 3 of that Act, and

“social services functions” has the same meaning as it has in the Local Authority Social Services Act 1970 (c. 42) by virtue of section 1A of that Act.