Legislation – Judicial Review and Courts Act 2022

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Introduction

Part 1
Judicial review

1 Quashing orders

2 Exclusion of review of Upper Tribunal’s permission-to-appeal decisions

Part 2
Courts, tribunals and coroners

Chapter 1 Criminal procedure

Written procedures for dealing with summary offences

3 Automatic online conviction and penalty for certain summary offences

4 Guilty plea in writing: extension to proceedings following police charge

5 Extension of single justice procedure to corporations

Offences triable either way: determining the mode of trial

6 Written procedure for indicating plea and determining mode of trial: adults

7 Initial option for adult accused to reject summary trial at hearing

8 Written procedure for indicating plea and determining mode of trial: children

9 Powers to proceed if accused absent from allocation hearing

Transfer of cases between courts

10 Sending cases to Crown Court for trial

11 Powers of Crown Court to remit cases to the magistrates’ court

12 Powers of youth court to transfer cases if accused turns 18

Sentencing powers of magistrates’ courts

13 Maximum term of imprisonment on summary conviction for either-way offence

Miscellaneous and consequential provision

14 Involvement of parent or guardian in proceedings conducted in writing

15 Removal of certain requirements for hearings about procedural matters

16 Documents to be served in accordance with Criminal Procedure Rules

17 Power to make consequential or supplementary provision

18 Consequential and related amendments

Chapter 2 Online procedure

19 Rules for online procedure in courts and tribunals

20 “Specified kinds” of proceedings

21 Provision supplementing section 19

22 The Online Procedure Rule Committee

23 General powers of the Online Procedure Rule Committee

24 Power to make certain provision about dispute-resolution services

25 Power to change certain requirements relating to the Committee

26 Process for making Online Procedure Rules

27 Power to require Online Procedure Rules to be made

28 Power to make amendments in relation to Online Procedure Rules

29 Duty to make support available for those who require it

30 Power to make consequential or supplementary provision

31 Amendments of other legislation

32 Judicial agreement to certain regulations

33 Interpretation of this Chapter

Chapter 3 Employment tribunals and the Employment Appeal Tribunal

34 Employment Tribunal Procedure Rules

35 Composition of tribunals

36 Saving for existing procedural provisions

37 Exercise of tribunal functions by authorised persons

38 Responsibility for remunerating tribunal members

Chapter 4 Coroners

39 Discontinuance of investigation where cause of death becomes clear

40 Power to conduct non-contentious inquests in writing

41 Use of audio or video links at inquests

42 Suspension of requirement for jury at inquest where coronavirus suspected

43 Phased transition to new coroner areas

44 Provision of information to registrar when investigation discontinued

Chapter 5 Other provisions about courts and tribunals

Local justice areas

45 Abolition of local justice areas

Courthouses in the City of London

46 The Mayor’s and City of London Court: removal of duty to provide premises

47 The City of London Magistrates’ Court: removal of duty to provide premises

Pro bono representation in courts and tribunals

48 Payments in respect of pro bono representation

Part 3
Final provisions

49 Regulations

50 Extent

51 Commencement and transitional provision

52 Short title

SCHEDULES

Schedule 1 Documents to be served in accordance with Criminal Procedure Rules

Schedule 2 Criminal procedure: consequential and related amendments

Schedule 3 Practice directions for online proceedings

Schedule 4 Online procedure: amendments

Schedule 5 Employment Tribunal Procedure Rules: further provision

Part 2Courts, tribunals and coroners

Chapter 1Criminal procedure

Miscellaneous and consequential provision

14Involvement of parent or guardian in proceedings conducted in writing

(1)

Section 34A of the Children and Young Persons Act 1933 (attendance at court of parent or guardian) is amended as follows.

(2)

In the heading, after “court” insert “or other involvement”.

(3)

After subsection (1) insert—

“(1A)

Where a child or young person (C) is charged with an offence, the court—

(a)

may in any case; and

(b)

must in a case where C is under the age of sixteen years,

exercise the functions conferred by subsections (1B) and (1C) (insofar as they are applicable to the proceedings) unless and to the extent that the court is satisfied that it would be unreasonable to do so, having regard to the circumstances of the case.

(1B)

Where any stage of the proceedings is conducted in writing, the court may or (as the case may be) must—

(a)

ascertain whether a person who is a parent or guardian of C is aware that the written proceedings are taking place, and

(b)

if it appears to the court that no parent or guardian is aware of that, provide information about the written proceedings to at least one such person.

(1C)

Where C gives a written indication of plea under section 24ZA of the Magistrates’ Courts Act 1980, the court may or (as the case may be) must—

(a)

ascertain whether a person who is a parent or guardian of C is aware that the written indication of plea has been given, and

(b)

if it appears to the court that no parent or guardian is aware of that, bring the written indication of plea to the attention of at least one such person.”

(4)

In subsection (2), for “the reference in subsection (1)” substitute “a reference in any of subsections (1) to (1C).

15Removal of certain requirements for hearings about procedural matters

(1)

In section 2 of the Criminal Procedure (Attendance of Witnesses) Act 1965 (issue of witness summons on application to Crown Court), in subsection (8)(d), at the end insert “(if the application is determined at a hearing)”.

(2)

In section 8C of the Magistrates’ Courts Act 1980 (restrictions on reporting of certain pre-trial hearings in the magistrates’ court), in subsections (4)(a) and (5)(a), for “hearing” substitute “considering”.

(3)

In section 11 of the Criminal Justice Act 1987 (restrictions on reporting of certain preparatory hearings in the Crown Court), in subsections (7) and (8), for “hearing” substitute “considering”.

(4)

In the Criminal Procedure and Investigations Act 1996—

(a)

in section 37 (restrictions on reporting of certain preparatory hearings in the Crown Court), in subsections (6) and (7), for “hearing” substitute “considering”;

(b)

in section 41 (restrictions on reporting of certain pre-trial hearings in the Crown Court), in subsections (4) and (5), for “hearing” substitute “considering (in the case of proceedings in England and Wales) or hearing (in the case of proceedings in Northern Ireland)”.

(5)

In the Crime and Disorder Act 1998—

(a)

in section 52A (restrictions on reporting of certain initial proceedings in the magistrates’ court), in subsections (3) and (4), for “hearing” substitute “considering”;

(b)

in paragraph 3 of Schedule 3 (restrictions on reporting of applications for dismissal of charge in the Crown Court), in sub-paragraph (3), for “hearing” substitute “considering”.

(6)

In section 47 of the Youth Justice and Criminal Evidence Act 1999 (restrictions on reporting of certain matters to do with witnesses), in subsections (4) and (5), for “hearing” substitute “considering (in the case of proceedings in England and Wales) or hearing (in the case of other proceedings)”.

(7)

In section 71 of the Criminal Justice Act 2003 (restrictions on reporting of prosecution appeals), in subsections (5)(a) and (6)(a), for “hearing” substitute “considering”.

16Documents to be served in accordance with Criminal Procedure Rules

Schedule 1 amends various provisions to do with the service or delivery of documents so as to allow the same methods to be adopted as for service under Criminal Procedure Rules.

17Power to make consequential or supplementary provision

(1)

The Lord Chancellor may, by regulations, make consequential or supplementary provision in relation to any provision of this Chapter.

(2)

The regulations may, in particular, amend, repeal or revoke—

(a)

any provision of an Act passed before this Act or in the same Session, or

(b)

any provision contained in subordinate legislation within the meaning of the Interpretation Act 1978 (whenever the legislation was made or the Act under which it was made was passed).

(3)

Regulations under this section that amend or repeal any provision of an Act are subject to affirmative resolution procedure (see section 49(3)).

(4)

Any other regulations under this section are subject to negative resolution procedure (see section 49(4)).

Schedule 2 contains amendments that are consequential on, or related to, the preceding provisions of this Chapter.