Legislation – Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act 2007

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Introduction

Part 1
Tribunals and Inquiries

Chapter 1 Tribunal judiciary: independence and Senior President

1 Independence of tribunal judiciary

2 Senior President of Tribunals

Chapter 2 First-tier Tribunal and Upper Tribunal

Establishment

3 The First-tier Tribunal and the Upper Tribunal

Members and composition of tribunals

4 Judges and other members of the First-tier Tribunal

5 Judges and other members of the Upper Tribunal

6 Certain judges who are also judges of First-tier Tribunal and Upper Tribunal

6A Certain judges who are also judges of the First-tier Tribunal

7 Chambers: jurisdiction and Presidents

8 Senior President of Tribunals: power to delegate

Review of decisions and appeals

9 Review of decision of First-tier Tribunal

10 Review of decision of Upper Tribunal

11 Right to appeal to Upper Tribunal

11A Finality of decisions by Upper Tribunal about permission to appeal

12 Proceedings on appeal to Upper Tribunal

13 Right to appeal to Court of Appeal etc.

14 Proceedings on appeal to Court of Appeal etc.

14A Appeal to Supreme Court: grant of certificate by Upper Tribunal

14B Appeal to Supreme Court: permission to appeal

14C Appeal to Supreme Court: exclusions


“Judicial review”

15 Upper Tribunal’s “judicial review” jurisdiction

16 Application for relief under section 15(1)

17 Quashing orders under section 15(1): supplementary provision

18 Limits of jurisdiction under section 15(1)

19 Transfer of judicial review applications from High Court

20 Transfer of judicial review applications from the Court of Session

20A Procedural steps where application transferred

21 Upper Tribunal’s “judicial review” jurisdiction: Scotland

Miscellaneous

22 Tribunal Procedure Rules

23 Practice directions

24 Mediation

25 Supplementary powers of Upper Tribunal

26 First-tier Tribunal and Upper Tribunal: sitting places

27 Enforcement

28 Assessors

29 Costs or expenses

29ZA Enabling the public to see and hear proceedings

29ZB Offences of recording or transmission in relation to broadcasting

29ZC Offences of recording or transmitting participation through live link

29ZD Interpretation

CHAPTER 2A Exercise of tribunal functions by authorised persons

29A Meaning of “authorised person” and “judicial office holder”

29B Directions and independence: authorised persons

29C Protection of authorised persons

29D Costs or expenses in legal proceedings: authorised persons

29E Indemnification of authorised persons

Chapter 3 Transfer of tribunal functions

30 Transfer of functions of certain tribunals

31 Transfers under section 30: supplementary powers

32 Power to provide for appeal to Upper Tribunal from tribunals in Wales

33 Power to provide for appeal to Upper Tribunal from tribunals in Scotland

34 Power to provide for appeal to Upper Tribunal from tribunals in Northern Ireland

35 Transfer of Ministerial responsibilities for certain tribunals

36 Transfer of powers to make procedural rules for certain tribunals

37 Power to amend lists of tribunals in Schedule 6

38 Orders under sections 30 to 36: supplementary

Chapter 4 Administrative matters in respect of certain tribunals

39 The general duty

40 Tribunal staff and services

41 Provision of accommodation

42 Fees

43 Report by Senior President of Tribunals

Chapter 5 Oversight of administrative justice system, tribunals and inquiries

44 The Administrative Justice and Tribunals Council

45 Abolition of the Council on Tribunals

Chapter 6 Supplementary

46 Delegation of functions by Lord Chief Justice etc.

47 Co-operation in relation to judicial training, guidance and welfare

48 Consequential and other amendments, and transitional provisions

49 Orders and regulations under Part 1: supplemental and procedural provisions

Part 2
Judicial appointments

50 Judicial appointments: “judicial-appointment eligibility condition”

51 “Relevant qualification” in section 50: further provision

52 Meaning of “gain experience in law” in section 50

53 Transfer from salaried to fee-paid judicial office

54 Continuation of judicial office after normal retirement date

55 Appointment of deputy Circuit judges

56 Appointment of deputy district judges,

57 Deputy, and temporary additional, Masters etc.

58 Appointment of temporary assistants to Judge Advocate General

59 Members and chairmen of certain Appeals Commissions

60 Appointment as Chairman of Law Commission

61 Orders permitting disclosures to Judicial Appointments Commission

Part 3
Enforcement by taking control of goods

Chapter 1 Procedure

62 Enforcement by taking control of goods

63 Enforcement agents

64 Certificates to act as an enforcement agent

65 Common law rules replaced

66 Pre-commencement enforcement not affected

67 Transfer of county court enforcement

68 Magistrates’ courts warrants of control

69 County court warrants of control etc.

70 Power of High Court to stay execution

Chapter 2 Rent arrears recovery

71 Abolition of common law right

72 Commercial rent arrears recovery (CRAR)

73 Landlord

74 Lease

75 Commercial premises

76 Rent

77 The rent recoverable

78 Intervention of the court

79 Use of CRAR after end of lease

80 Agricultural holdings

81 Right to rent from sub-tenant

82 Off-setting payments under a notice

83 Withdrawal and replacement of notices

84 Recovery of sums due and overpayments

85 Contracts for similar rights to be void

86 Amendments

87 Interpretation of Chapter

Chapter 3 General

88 Abolition of Crown preference

89 Application to the Crown

90 Regulations

Part 4
Enforcement of judgments and orders

91 Attachment of earnings orders: deductions at fixed rates

92 Attachment of earnings orders: finding the debtor’s current employer

93 Payment by instalments: making and enforcing charging orders

94 Charging orders: power to set financial thresholds

95 Application for information about action to recover judgment debt

96 Action by the court

97 Departmental information requests

98 Information orders

99 Responding to a departmental information request

100 Information order: required information not held etc.

101 Using the information about the debtor

102 Offence of unauthorised use or disclosure

103 Regulations

104 Interpretation

105 Application and transitional provision

Part 5
Debt management and relief

Chapter 1 Administration orders

106 Administration orders

Chapter 2 Enforcement restriction orders

107 Enforcement restriction orders

Chapter 3 Debt relief orders

108 Debt relief orders and debt relief restrictions orders etc.

Chapter 4 Debt management schemes

109 Debt management schemes

110 Debt repayment plans

111 Approval by supervising authority

112 Applications for approval

113 Terms of approval

114 Discharge from specified debts

115 Presentation of bankruptcy petition

116 Remedies other than bankruptcy

117 Charging of interest etc.

118 Stopping supplies of gas or electricity

119 Existing county court proceedings to be stayed

120 Registration of plans

121 Other debt management arrangements in force

122 Right of appeal

123 Dealing with appeals

124 Charges by operator of approved scheme

125 Procedure for termination

126 Terminating an approval

127 Alternatives to termination

128 Effects of end of approval

129 The supervising authority

130 Regulations

131 Main definitions

132 Expressions relating to debts

133 Periods of protection

Part 6
Protection of cultural objects on loan

134 Protected objects

135 Effect of protection

136 Relevant museums and galleries

137 Interpretation

138 Crown application

Part 7
Miscellaneous

139 Enforcement by enforcement officers

140 Supplementary

141 Judicial review: power to substitute decision

142 Recovery of sums payable under compromises involving ACAS

143 Appeals in relation to design rights

Part 8
General

144 Protected functions of the Lord Chancellor

145 Power to make supplementary or other provision

146 Repeals

147 Extent

148 Commencement

149 Short title

SCHEDULES

SCHEDULE 1 Senior President of Tribunals

SCHEDULE 2 Judges and other members of the First-tier Tribunal

SCHEDULE 3 Judges and other members of the Upper Tribunal

SCHEDULE 4 Chambers and Chamber Presidents: further provision

SCHEDULE 5 Procedure in First-tier Tribunal and Upper Tribunal

SCHEDULE 6 Tribunals for the purposes of sections 30 to 36

SCHEDULE 7 Administrative Justice and Tribunals Council

SCHEDULE 8 Tribunals and Inquiries: consequential and other amendments

SCHEDULE 9 Tribunals: transitional provision

SCHEDULE 10 Amendments relating to judicial appointments

SCHEDULE 11 District judges and deputy district judges

SCHEDULE 12 Taking control of goods

SCHEDULE 13 Taking control of goods: amendments

SCHEDULE 14 Rent arrears recovery: amendments

SCHEDULE 15 Attachment of earnings orders: deductions at fixed rates

SCHEDULE 16 Administration orders: consequential amendments

SCHEDULE 17 Part 7A of the Insolvency Act 1986

SCHEDULE 18 Schedule 4ZA to the Insolvency Act 1986

SCHEDULE 19 Schedule 4ZB to the Insolvency Act 1986

SCHEDULE 20 Debt relief orders: consequential amendments

SCHEDULE 21 Regulations under sections 111 and 113

SCHEDULE 22 Compulsory purchase: consequential amendments

SCHEDULE 23 Repeals

Changes to legislation:

Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act 2007, SCHEDULE 6 is up to date with all changes known to be in force on or before 09 April 2026. There are changes that may be brought into force at a future date. Changes that have been made appear in the content and are referenced with annotations. Help about Changes to Legislation

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SCHEDULES

SCHEDULE 6Tribunals for the purposes of sections 30 to 36

Sections 30 to 37

Part 1Tribunals for the purposes of sections 30, 35 and 36

Tribunal

Enactment

F1Agricultural Land Tribunals for areas in England

F1Section 73 of the Agriculture Act 1947 (c.48)

Appeal tribunal

Chapter 1 of Part 1 of the Social Security Act 1998 (c. 14)

Child Support Commissioner

Section 22 of the Child Support Act 1991 (c. 48)

The Secretary of State as respects his function of deciding appeals under:

Section 41 of the Consumer Credit Act 1974 (c. 39)

The Secretary of State as respects his function of deciding appeals under:

Section 7(1) of the Estate Agents Act 1979 (c. 38)

Foreign Compensation Commission

Section 1 of the Foreign Compensation Act 1950 (c. 12)

Commissioner for the general purposes of the income tax

Section 2 of the Taxes Management Act 1970 (c. 9)

Information Tribunal

Section 6 of the Data Protection Act 1998 (c. 29)

Meat Hygiene Appeals Tribunal

Regulation 6 of the Fresh Meat (Hygiene and Inspection) Regulations 1995 (S.I. 1995/539)

Meat Hygiene Appeals Tribunal

Regulation 6 of the Poultry Meat, Farmed Game Bird Meat and Rabbit Meat (Hygiene and Inspection) Regulations 1995 (S.I. 1995/540)

Meat Hygiene Appeals Tribunal

Regulation 5 of the Wild Game Meat (Hygiene and Inspection) Regulations 1995 (S.I. 1995/2148)

Mental Health Review Tribunal for a region of England

Section 65(1) and (1A)(a) of the Mental Health Act 1983 (c. 20)

Reinstatement Committee

Paragraph 1 of Schedule 2 to the Reserve Forces (Safeguard of Employment) Act 1985 (c. 17)

F2Rent assessment committees for areas in England

F2Section 65 of, and Schedule 10 to, the Rent Act 1977 (c. 42)

Reserve forces appeal tribunal

Section 88 of the Reserve Forces Act 1996 (c. 14)

Sea Fish Licence Tribunal

Section 4AA of the Sea Fish (Conservation) Act 1967 (c. 84)

Social Security Commissioner

Schedule 4 to the Social Security Act 1998 (c. 14)

Special Educational Needs and Disability Tribunal

Section 333 of the Education Act 1996 (c. 56)

Transport Tribunal

Schedule 4 to the Transport Act 1985 (c. 67)

Umpire or deputy umpire

Paragraph 5 of Schedule 2 to the Reserve Forces (Safeguard of Employment) Act 1985

VAT and duties tribunal

Schedule 12 to the Value Added Tax Act 1994 (c. 23)

Part 2Tribunals for the purposes of sections 30 and 35

Tribunal

Enactment

Adjudicator

Section 5 of the Criminal Injuries Compensation Act 1995 (c. 53)

Part 3Tribunals for the purposes of sections 30 and 36

Tribunal

Enactment

Adjudicator to Her Majesty’s Land Registry

Section 107 of the Land Registration Act 2002 (c. 9)

Charity Tribunal

Section 2A of the Charities Act 1993 (c. 10)

Consumer Credit Appeals Tribunal

Section 40A of the Consumer Credit Act 1974 (c. 39)

F3. . .

F3. . .

Gambling Appeals Tribunal

Section 140 of the Gambling Act 2005 (c. 19)

Immigration Services Tribunal

Section 87 of the Immigration and Asylum Act 1999 (c. 33)

Lands Tribunal

Section 1(1)(b) of the Lands Tribunal Act 1949 (c. 42)

Pensions Appeal Tribunal in England and Wales

Paragraph 1(1) of the Schedule to the Pensions Appeal Tribunals Act 1943 (c. 39)

Pensions Regulator Tribunal

Section 102 of the Pensions Act 2004 (c. 35)

Commissioner for the special purposes of the Income Tax Acts

Section 4 of the Taxes Management Act 1970 (c. 9)

Part 4Tribunals for the purposes of section 30

Tribunal

Enactment

F4. . .

F4. . .

F5. . .

F5. . .

Antarctic Act Tribunal

Regulation 11 of the Antarctic Regulations 1995 (S.I. 1995/490)

Appeal tribunal

Part 2 of Schedule 9 to the Scheme set out in Schedule 2 to the Firefighters’ Pension Scheme Order 1992 (S.I. 1992/129)

F6Asylum and Immigration Tribunal

Section 81 of the Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002

Asylum Support Adjudicator

Section 102 of the Immigration and Asylum Act 1999

Case tribunal, or interim case tribunal, drawn from the Adjudication Panel for England

Section 76 of the Local Government Act 2000 (c. 22)

F7 . . .

F7 . . .

Family Health Services Appeal Authority

Section 49S of the National Health Service Act 1977 (c. 49)

F8Gender Recognition Panel

Section 1(3) of the Gender Recognition Act 2004 (c.7)

F9. . .

F9. . .

Appeals Tribunal

Part 3 of the Local Authorities (Code of Conduct)
(Local Determination) Regulations 2003 (S.I. 2003/1483)

Plant Varieties and Seeds Tribunal

Section 42 of the Plant Varieties Act 1997 (c. 66)

F10Panel

Section 189(6) of the Greater London Authority Act 1999

Tribunal

Rule 6 of the model provisions with respect to appeals as applied with modifications by the Chemical Weapons (Licence Appeal Provisions) Order 1996 (S.I. 1996/3030)

Tribunal

Health Service Medicines (Price Control Appeals) Regulations 2000 (S.I. 2000/124)

Tribunal

Section 706 of the Income and Corporation Taxes Act 1988 (c. 1)

F11Tribunal

Section 704 of the Income Tax Act 2007 (c.3)

F12. . .

F12. . .

Tribunal

Part 1 of Schedule 3 to the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 (c. 38)

Tribunal

Regulation H6(3) of the Police Pensions Regulations 1987 (S.I. 1987/257)

Tribunal

Section 9 of the Protection of Children Act 1999 (c. 14)

Part 5Tribunals for the purposes of sections 35 and 36

Tribunal

Enactment

Employment Appeal Tribunal

Section 20 of the Employment Tribunals Act 1996 (c. 17)

Part 6Tribunals for the purposes of section 35

Tribunal

Enactment

Employment tribunal

Section 1 of the Employment Tribunals Act 1996

Part 7Tribunals for the purposes of section 32(3)

Tribunal

Enactment

Case tribunal, or interim case tribunal, drawn from the Adjudication Panel for Wales

Section 76 of the Local Government Act 2000 (c. 22)

F13Agricultural Land Tribunal for Wales

F13Section 73 of the Agriculture Act 1947 (c. 48)

Appeals Tribunal

Local Government Investigations (Functions of Monitoring Officers and Standards Committees) (Wales) Regulations 2001 (S.I. 2001/2281)

Mental Health Review Tribunal for Wales

Section 65(1) and (1A)(b) of the Mental Health Act 1983 (c. 20)

F14Rent assessment committees for areas in Wales

F14Section 65 of, and Schedule 10 to, the Rent Act 1977 (c. 42)

F15. . .

F15. . .

Tribunal

Section 27 of, and Schedule 3 to, the Education Act 2005 (c. 18)