Legislation – Financial Services and Markets Act 2023

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Introduction

PART 1
Regulatory framework

CHAPTER 1 Revocation of assimilated law

1 Revocation of assimilated law relating to financial services and markets

2 Transitional amendments

3 Power to make further transitional amendments

4 Power to restate and modify saved legislation

5 Power to replace references to EU directives

6 Restatement in rules: exemption from consultation requirements etc

7 Interpretation of Chapter

CHAPTER 2 New regulatory powers

Designated activities regime

8 Designated activities

Financial market infrastructure: general rules and requirements

9 Rules relating to central counterparties and central securities depositories

10 Central counterparties and central securities depositories: other requirements

11 Rules relating to investment exchanges and data reporting service providers

12 Treasury directions to Bank of England: restrictions

Financial market infrastructure: piloting powers

13 Testing of FMI technologies or practices

14 Reports on FMI sandboxes

15 Permanent implementation of arrangements tested under an FMI sandbox

16 Regulations

17 Interpretation

Powers in relation to critical third parties

18 Critical third parties: designation and powers

19 Critical third parties: related amendments

Financial promotion

20 Financial promotion

Sustainability disclosure requirements

21 Sustainability disclosure requirements

Digital settlement assets

22 Digital settlement assets

23 Digital settlement assets: power to make regulations

Mutual recognition

24 Implementation of mutual recognition agreements

CHAPTER 3 Accountability of regulators

39 Reporting requirements

FCA and PRA objectives and regulatory principles

25 Competitiveness and growth objective

26 Competitiveness and growth objective: reporting requirements

27 Regulatory principles

28 Sections 25 and 27: consequential amendments

FCA and PRA powers to make rules etc

29 Review of rules

30 Treasury power in relation to rules

31 Matters to consider when making rules

32 Effect of rules etc on deference decisions

33 Effect of rules etc on international trade obligations

34 Power to disapply or modify rules

FCA and PRA engagement

35 Responses to recommendations of the Treasury

36 Public consultation requirements

37 Engagement with statutory panels

38 Engagement with Parliamentary Committees

Co-operation of FCA and others

40 Duty to co-operate and consult in exercising functions

Panels and policy statements

41 Listing Authority Advisory Panel

42 Insurance Practitioner Panel

43 Cost Benefit Analysis Panels

44 Statement of policy on cost benefit analyses

45 Statement of policy on panel appointments

46 Composition of panels

47 Panel reports

Bank of England regulatory powers

48 Exercise of FMI regulatory powers

49 Bank of England: rule-making powers

50 Application of FSMA 2000 to FMI functions

Payment Systems Regulator

51 Payment Systems Regulator

52 Chair of the Payment Systems Regulator as member of FCA Board

Consultation on rules

53 Consultation on rules

PART 2
Access to cash

54 Cash access services

55 Wholesale cash distribution

PART 3
Performance of functions relating to financial market infrastructure

56 Recognised bodies: senior managers and certification

PART 4
Central counterparties in financial difficulties

57 Central counterparties in financial difficulties

PART 5
Insurers in financial difficulties

58 Insurers in financial difficulties

PART 6
Miscellaneous

59 Application of provisions to regulatory functions under this Act

60 Formerly authorised persons

61 Control over authorised persons

62 Financial services compensation scheme

63 The Ombudsman scheme

64 Unauthorised co-ownership AIFs

65 Power to amend enactments in consequence of rules

66 Ambulatory references

67 Power to amend or repeal certain provisions of FSMA 2000

68 Power under FSMA 2000 to make transitional provisions

69 Cryptoassets

70 Bank of England levy

71 Bank of England levy: consequential amendments

72 Liability of payment service providers for fraudulent transactions

73 Credit unions

74 Reinsurance for acts of terrorism

75 Banking Act 2009: miscellaneous amendments

76 Arrangements for the investigation of complaints

77 Politically exposed persons: money laundering and terrorist financing

78 Politically exposed persons: review of guidance

79 Forest risk commodities: review

PART 7
General

80 Interpretation

81 Pre-commencement consultation

82 Financial provision

83 Power to make consequential provision

84 Regulations

85 Extent

86 Commencement

87 Short title

SCHEDULES

SCHEDULE 1 Revocation of assimilated law relating to financial services

SCHEDULE 2 Transitional amendments

SCHEDULE 3 New Schedule 6B to FSMA 2000

SCHEDULE 4 FMI Sandboxes

SCHEDULE 5 Financial promotion: related amendments

SCHEDULE 6 Digital settlement assets

SCHEDULE 7 Accountability of the Payment Systems Regulator

SCHEDULE 8 Cash access services

SCHEDULE 9 Wholesale cash distribution

SCHEDULE 10 Performance of functions relating to financial market infrastructure

SCHEDULE 11 Central counterparties

SCHEDULE 12 Write-down orders

SCHEDULE 13 Insurers in financial difficulties: enforcement of contracts

SCHEDULE 14 Credit unions

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PART 1Regulatory framework

CHAPTER 3Accountability of regulators

Panels and policy statements

41Listing Authority Advisory Panel

In FSMA 2000, after section 1Q insert—

“1QAThe Listing Authority Advisory Panel

(1)

Arrangements under section 1M must include the establishment and maintenance of a panel of persons (to be known as “the Listing Authority Advisory Panel”) to represent the interests of practitioners who are likely to be affected by the exercise by the FCA of its relevant functions.

(2)

The reference in subsection (1) to the FCA’s relevant functions is to its functions relating to the listing, issue or trading of products on recognised investment exchanges and other markets the operation of which is regulated by the FCA, including in particular—

(a)

the issuing of transferable securities, and

(b)

the trading of transferable securities on regulated markets and multilateral trading facilities.

(3)

The FCA must appoint one of the members of the Listing Authority Advisory Panel to be the chair of the Panel.

(4)

The Treasury’s approval is required for the appointment or dismissal of the chair.

(5)

The FCA must appoint to the Listing Authority Advisory Panel such persons to represent the interests of issuers and investors as it considers appropriate.

(6)

The FCA may appoint to the Listing Authority Advisory Panel such other persons as it considers appropriate.

(7)

Subsections (5) and (6) are subject to section 1MA.

(8)

In this section—

multilateral trading facility”, “recognised investment exchange” and “regulated markets” have the same meaning as in Part 18 (see section 313(1));

transferable securities” has the meaning given by section 102A(3).”

42Insurance Practitioner Panel

In FSMA 2000, after section 2M insert—

“2MAThe Insurance Practitioner Panel

(1)

Arrangements under section 2L must include the establishment and maintenance of a panel of persons (to be known as “the Insurance Practitioner Panel”) to represent the interests of practitioners involved in the carrying on of the activity of effecting or carrying out of contracts of insurance.

(2)

The PRA must appoint one of the members of the Insurance Practitioner Panel to be the chair of the Panel.

(3)

The Treasury’s approval is required for the appointment or dismissal of the chair.

(4)

The PRA must appoint to the Insurance Practitioner Panel at least one person representing PRA-authorised persons engaged in the activity of effecting or carrying out of contracts of insurance.

(5)

The PRA may appoint to the Insurance Practitioner Panel such other persons as it considers appropriate.

(6)

Subsections (4) and (5) are subject to section 2LA.”

43Cost Benefit Analysis Panels

(1)

FSMA 2000 is amended as follows.

(2)

After section 138I insert—

“138IAFCA Cost Benefit Analysis Panel

(1)

The FCA must establish and maintain a panel of persons (to be known as the “FCA Cost Benefit Analysis Panel”) to provide advice in relation to cost benefit analyses for the purposes of section 138I.

(2)

Except as provided by subsection (3), the FCA must consult the FCA Cost Benefit Analysis Panel about the following matters—

(a)

the preparation of a cost benefit analysis under section 138I(2)(a) or (5)(a);

(b)

the preparation of its statement of policy under section 138IB.

(3)

The requirement to consult under subsection (2)(a) does not apply in such cases as may be set out in the statement of policy maintained under section 138IB.

(4)

Arrangements made by the FCA under subsection (1) for the establishment and maintenance of the FCA Cost Benefit Analysis Panel must include arrangements for the Panel to—

(a)

keep under review how the FCA is performing generally in carrying out its duties under section 138I(2)(a) and (5)(a), and

(b)

provide to the FCA whatever recommendations the Panel thinks appropriate as a result of such review.

(5)

The FCA must appoint one of the members of the FCA Cost Benefit Analysis Panel to be the chair of the Panel.

(6)

The Treasury’s approval is required for the appointment or dismissal of the chair.

(7)

The FCA must appoint to the FCA Cost Benefit Analysis Panel such persons with knowledge or experience of the preparation of cost benefit analyses as it considers appropriate.

(8)

The FCA must appoint to the FCA Cost Benefit Analysis Panel at least two individuals who are employed by persons authorised for the purposes of this Act by the FCA, with each one being employed by a different person.

(9)

The FCA may appoint to the FCA Cost Benefit Analysis Panel such other persons as it considers appropriate.

(10)

Subsections (7) to (9) are subject to section 1MA.

(11)

The FCA must consider representations that are made to it by the FCA Cost Benefit Analysis Panel.

(12)

The FCA must from time to time publish in such manner as it thinks fit responses to the representations.”

(3)

After section 138J insert—

“138JAPRA Cost Benefit Analysis Panel

(1)

The PRA must establish and maintain a panel of persons (to be known as the “PRA Cost Benefit Analysis Panel”) to provide advice in relation to cost benefit analyses for the purposes of section 138J.

(2)

Except as provided by subsection (3), the PRA must consult the PRA Cost Benefit Analysis Panel about the following matters—

(a)

the preparation of a cost benefit analysis under section 138J(2)(a) or (5)(a);

(b)

the preparation of its statement of policy under section 138JB.

(3)

The requirement to consult under subsection (2)(a) does not apply in such cases as may be set out in the statement of policy maintained under section 138JB.

(4)

Arrangements made by the PRA under subsection (1) for the establishment and maintenance of the PRA Cost Benefit Analysis Panel must include arrangements for the Panel to—

(a)

keep under review how the PRA is performing generally in carrying out its duties under section 138J(2)(a) and (5)(a), and

(b)

provide to the PRA whatever recommendations the Panel thinks appropriate as a result of such review.

(5)

The PRA must appoint one of the members of the PRA Cost Benefit Analysis Panel to be the chair of the Panel.

(6)

The Treasury’s approval is required for the appointment or dismissal of the chair.

(7)

The PRA must appoint to the PRA Cost Benefit Analysis Panel such persons with knowledge or experience of the preparation of cost benefit analyses as it considers appropriate.

(8)

The PRA must appoint to the PRA Cost Benefit Analysis Panel at least two individuals who are employed by PRA-authorised persons, with each one being employed by a different person.

(9)

The PRA may appoint to the PRA Cost Benefit Analysis Panel such other persons as it considers appropriate.

(10)

Subsections (7) to (9) are subject to section 2LA.

(11)

The PRA must consider representations that are made to it by the PRA Cost Benefit Analysis Panel.

(12)

The PRA must from time to time publish in such manner as it thinks fit responses to the representations.

(13)

The reference in subsection (1) to section 138J includes a reference to that section as applied in relation to the Bank of England by paragraphs 10(1) and 10A of Schedule 17A.”

44Statement of policy on cost benefit analyses

(1)

FSMA 2000 is amended as follows.

(2)

After section 138IA (inserted by section 43) insert—

“138IBStatement of policy in relation to cost benefit analyses

(1)

The FCA must prepare and publish a statement of policy in relation to the preparation of cost benefit analyses for the purposes of section 138I.

(2)

The statement must provide information about—

(a)

the methodology adopted in preparing cost benefit analyses;

(b)

matters to which the FCA has regard in determining whether section 138I(8) applies;

(c)

matters to which the FCA has regard in determining whether an exemption under section 138L applies in relation to the preparation of a cost benefit analysis;

(d)

arrangements to ensure that representations in connection with a cost benefit analysis that are made in accordance with section 138I(2)(e) are considered;

(e)

cases in which the requirement to consult the FCA Cost Benefit Analysis Panel in relation to the preparation of a cost benefit analysis does not apply;

(f)

arrangements to ensure that any recommendations in connection with cost benefit analyses that are made following a review carried out under section 138IA(4) are considered.

(3)

The statement may include whatever other information in relation to cost benefit analyses that the FCA considers appropriate.

(4)

The FCA may alter or replace a statement published under this section.

(5)

The FCA must publish a statement as altered or replaced under subsection (4).

(6)

Publication under this section is to be made in such manner as the FCA considers best designed to bring the statement to the attention of the public.”

(3)

After section 138JA (inserted by section 43) insert—

“138JBStatement of policy in relation to cost benefit analyses

(1)

The PRA must prepare and publish a statement of policy in relation to the preparation of cost benefit analyses for the purposes of section 138J.

(2)

The statement must provide information about—

(a)

the methodology adopted in preparing cost benefit analyses;

(b)

matters to which the PRA has regard in determining whether section 138J(8) applies;

(c)

matters to which the PRA has regard in determining whether an exemption under section 138L applies in relation to the preparation of a cost benefit analysis;

(d)

arrangements to ensure that representations in connection with a cost benefit analysis that are made in accordance with section 138J(2)(e) are considered;

(e)

cases in which the requirement to consult the PRA Cost Benefit Analysis Panel in relation to the preparation of a cost benefit analysis does not apply;

(f)

arrangements to ensure that any recommendations in connection with cost benefit analyses that are made following a review carried out under section 138JA(4) are considered.

(3)

The statement may include whatever other information in relation to cost benefit analyses that the PRA considers appropriate.

(4)

The PRA may alter or replace a statement published under this section.

(5)

The PRA must publish a statement as altered or replaced under subsection (4).

(6)

Publication under this section is to be made in such manner as the PRA considers best designed to bring the statement to the attention of the public.”

45Statement of policy on panel appointments

(1)

FSMA 2000 is amended as follows.

(2)

After section 1R insert—

“1RAStatement of policy on panel appointments

(1)

The FCA must prepare and publish a statement of policy in relation to the appointment of members of its statutory panels.

(2)

The statement must provide information about—

(a)

the process adopted for making appointments;

(b)

matters considered in determining who is appointed.

(3)

The statement may provide whatever other information in relation to the making of appointments that the FCA considers appropriate.

(4)

The FCA may alter or replace a statement published under this section.

(5)

The FCA must publish a statement as altered or replaced under subsection (4).

(6)

Before publishing a statement under this section the FCA must—

(a)

consult the Treasury about the proposed statement, and

(b)

have regard to any representations the Treasury make in response to the consultation.

(7)

Publication under this section is to be made in such manner as the FCA considers best designed to bring the statement to the attention of the public.

(8)

In this section “statutory panel” means a panel established under section 1N, 1O, 1P, 1Q, 1QA or 138IA.”

(3)

After section 2N insert—

“2NAStatement of policy on panel appointments

(1)

The PRA must prepare and publish a statement of policy in relation to the appointment of members of its statutory panels.

(2)

The statement must provide information about—

(a)

the process adopted for making appointments;

(b)

matters considered in determining who is appointed.

(3)

The statement may provide whatever other information in relation to the making of appointments that the PRA considers appropriate.

(4)

The PRA may alter or replace a statement published under this section.

(5)

The PRA must publish a statement as altered or replaced under subsection (4).

(6)

Before publishing a statement under this section the PRA must—

(a)

consult the Treasury about the proposed statement, and

(b)

have regard to any representations the Treasury make in response to the consultation.

(7)

Publication under this section is to be made in such manner as the PRA considers best designed to bring the statement to the attention of the public.

(8)

In this section “statutory panel” means a panel established under section 2M, 2MA or 138JA.”

46Composition of panels

(1)

FSMA 2000 is amended in accordance with subsections (2) to (8).

(2)

After section 1M (FCA’s general duty to consult) insert—

“1MAComposition of Panels

(1)

A person who receives remuneration from the FCA, the PRA, the Payment Systems Regulator, the Bank of England or the Treasury is disqualified from being appointed as a member of a panel established under any of sections 1N to 1QA or 138IA.

(2)

Subsection (1) does not apply in respect of a panel mentioned in that subsection if regulations made by the Treasury provide for it not to apply to that panel.

(3)

Regulations under subsection (2) may make provision in respect of a panel—

(a)

generally, or

(b)

only in relation to such descriptions of persons or cases as the regulations may specify (but the power to make such regulations may not be exercised so as to specify persons by name).”

(3)

In section 1N (FCA Practitioner Panel), after subsection (5) insert—

“(6)

Subsections (4) and (5) are subject to section 1MA.”

(4)

In section 1O (Smaller Business Practitioner Panel), after subsection (6) insert—

“(6A)

Subsections (5) and (6) are subject to section 1MA.”

(5)

In section 1P (Markets Practitioner Panel), after subsection (6) insert—

“(7)

Subsections (4) to (6) are subject to section 1MA.”

(6)

In section 1Q (Consumer Panel), after subsection (4) insert—

“(4A)

Subsection (4) is subject to section 1MA.”

(7)

After section 2L (PRA’s general duty to consult) insert—

“2LAComposition of Panels

(1)

A person who receives remuneration from the FCA, the PRA, the Payment Systems Regulator, the Bank of England or the Treasury is disqualified from being appointed as a member of a panel established under any of sections 2M, 2MA or 138JA.

(2)

Subsection (1) does not apply in respect of a panel mentioned in that subsection if regulations made by the Treasury provide for it not to apply to that panel.

(3)

Regulations under subsection (2) may make provision in respect of a panel—

(a)

generally, or

(b)

only in relation to such descriptions of persons or cases as the regulations may specify (but the power to make such regulations may not be exercised so as to specify persons by name).”

(8)

In section 2M (the PRA Practitioner Panel), after subsection (5) insert—

“(6)

Subsections (4) and (5) are subject to section 2LA.”

(9)

In section 103 of the Financial Services (Banking Reform) Act 2013 (regulator’s general duty to consult) after subsection (5) insert—

“(5A)

A person who receives remuneration from the FCA, the PRA, the Payment Systems Regulator, the Bank of England or the Treasury is disqualified from being appointed as a member of a panel established under subsection (3).

(5B)

Subsection (5A) does not apply in respect of a panel mentioned in that subsection if regulations made by the Treasury provide for it not to apply to that panel.

(5C)

Regulations under subsection (5B) may make provision in respect of a panel—

(a)

generally, or

(b)

only in relation to such descriptions of persons or cases as the regulations may specify (but the power to make such regulations may not be exercised so as to specify persons by name).”

47Panel reports

(1)

The Treasury may by regulations require specified statutory panels of the regulator to produce an annual report on their work and provide that report to the Treasury.

(2)

Regulations under subsection (1) may make provision about the content of the annual report.

(3)

The Treasury must lay a copy of each report prepared by virtue of this section before Parliament.

(4)

Each specified statutory panel of the regulator must publish its reports prepared by virtue of this section in such manner as it thinks fit.

(5)

In this section—

(a)

statutory panels of the regulator” means—

(i)

in relation to the FCA, the panels mentioned in section 1RA(8) of FSMA 2000,

(ii)

in relation to the PRA, the panels mentioned in section 2NA(8) of FSMA 2000, and

(iii)

in relation to the Payment Systems Regulator, a panel established under section 103(3) of the Financial Services (Banking Reform) Act 2013;

(b)

specified” means specified in regulations under this section.

(6)

Regulations under this section are subject to the negative procedure.