Legislation – Welfare Reform Act 2012

Welfare Reform Act 2012, Cross Heading: Investigation and prosecution of offences is up to date with all changes known to be in force on or before 15 April 2026. There are changes that may be brought into force at a future date. Changes that have been made appear in the content and are referenced with annotations.

Changes to Legislation

Revised legislation carried on this site may not be fully up to date. Changes and effects are recorded by our editorial team in lists which can be found in the ‘Changes to Legislation’ area. Where those effects have yet to be applied to the text of the legislation by the editorial team they are also listed alongside the legislation in the affected provisions. Use the ‘more’ link to open the changes and effects relevant to the provision you are viewing.

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Changes and effects yet to be applied to Part 5 Crossheading Investigation-and-prosecution-of-offences:

specified provision(s) amendment to earlier commencing S.I. 2013/1511 by S.I. 2017/57 art. 5 13 14 Sch.
specified provision(s) amendment to earlier commencing S.I. 2013/2657 by S.I. 2016/596 art. 4–6 Sch.
specified provision(s) amendment to earlier commencing S.I. 2013/2657 by S.I. 2017/57 art. 13 15 Sch.
specified provision(s) amendment to earlier commencing S.I. 2013/2846 by S.I. 2016/596 art. 3 4 7 Sch.
specified provision(s) amendment to earlier commencing S.I. 2013/983 by S.I. 2018/138 art. 3
specified provision(s) amendment to earlier commencing S.I. 2013/983 by S.I. 2019/10 reg. 3(1)
specified provision(s) amendment to earlier commencing S.I. 2013/983 by S.I. 2019/167 art. 5(2)
specified provision(s) amendment to earlier commencing S.I. 2013/983, art. 5A(1), 6(1) by S.I. 2017/483 art. 2
specified provision(s) amendment to earlier commencing S.I. 2014/1583 by S.I. 2017/664 art. 5 Sch.
specified provision(s) amendment to earlier commencing S.I. 2014/209 by S.I. 2016/596 art. 3 4 8 Sch.
specified provision(s) amendment to earlier commencing S.I. 2014/209 by S.I. 2017/57 art. 10 16 Sch.
specified provision(s) amendment to earlier commencing S.I. 2014/2321 by S.I. 2016/596 art. 5 9 Sch.
specified provision(s) amendment to earlier commencing S.I. 2014/2321 by S.I. 2016/963 art. 3 7 8 13 Sch.
specified provision(s) amendment to earlier commencing S.I. 2014/2321 by S.I. 2017/584 art. 5 Sch.
specified provision(s) amendment to earlier commencing S.I. 2014/2321 by S.I. 2017/664 art. 5 Sch.
specified provision(s) amendment to earlier commencing S.I. 2015/101 by S.I. 2016/596 art. 3–5 10 Sch.
specified provision(s) amendment to earlier commencing S.I. 2015/101 by S.I. 2016/963 art. 4 6–12 14 Sch.
specified provision(s) amendment to earlier commencing S.I. 2015/101 by S.I. 2017/57 art. 3–9 11 12 17 Sch.
specified provision(s) amendment to earlier commencing S.I. 2015/101 by S.I. 2017/584 art. 3 4 6–9 Sch.
specified provision(s) amendment to earlier commencing S.I. 2015/101 by S.I. 2017/664 art. 3–5 7–9 Sch.
specified provision(s) amendment to earlier commencing S.I. 2015/1537 by S.I. 2016/596 art. 3 4 11 Sch.
specified provision(s) amendment to earlier commencing S.I. 2015/1537 by S.I. 2016/963 art. 3–12 15 Sch.
specified provision(s) amendment to earlier commencing S.I. 2015/1537 by S.I. 2017/57 art. 3–7 9 12 Sch.
specified provision(s) amendment to earlier commencing S.I. 2015/1537 by S.I. 2017/584 art. 3 4 6–9 Sch.
specified provision(s) amendment to earlier commencing S.I. 2015/1537 by S.I. 2017/664 art. 3–9 Sch.
specified provision(s) amendment to earlier commencing S.I. 2015/33 by S.I. 2018/138 art. 6
specified provision(s) amendment to earlier commencing S.I. 2015/33 by S.I. 2019/10 reg. 3(2)
specified provision(s) amendment to earlier commencing S.I. 2015/33 by S.I. 2019/167 art. 5(3)
specified provision(s) amendment to earlier commencing S.I. 2015/33 by S.I. 2019/37 art. 5
specified provision(s) amendment to earlier commencing S.I. 2015/33, art. 6(11) by S.I. 2017/483 art. 3
specified provision(s) amendment to earlier commencing S.I. 2015/634 by S.I. 2018/138 art. 6
specified provision(s) amendment to earlier commencing S.I. 2015/634 by S.I. 2019/10 reg. 3(3)
specified provision(s) amendment to earlier commencing S.I. 2015/634 by S.I. 2019/167 art. 5(4)
specified provision(s) amendment to earlier commencing S.I. 2015/634 by S.I. 2019/37 art. 5
specified provision(s) amendment to earlier commencing S.I. 2015/634, art. 7(2) by S.I. 2017/376 reg. 4
specified provision(s) amendment to earlier commencing S.I. 2016/596 by S.I. 2016/963 art. 17
specified provision(s) amendment to earlier commencing S.I. 2019/37 by S.I. 2019/935 art. 2
specified provision(s) modification of earlier commencing S.I. 2014/1583 by S.I. 2018/532 art. 3 Sch.
specified provision(s) modification of earlier commencing S.I. 2014/2321 by S.I. 2018/532 art. 3 Sch.
specified provision(s) modification of earlier commencing S.I. 2015/101 by S.I. 2018/532 art. 3 Sch.
specified provision(s) modification of earlier commencing S.I. 2015/1537 by S.I. 2018/532 art. 3 Sch.
specified provision(s) modification of earlier commencing S.I. 2015/634 by S.I. 2018/532 art. 5

Part 5Social security: general

Investigation and prosecution of offences

110Powers to require information relating to investigations

In section 109B of the Social Security Administration Act 1992 (power to require information), in subsection (2)—

(a)

after paragraph (i) (but before the final “and”) there is inserted—

“(ia)

a person of a prescribed description;”;

(b)

in paragraph (j), for “(i)” there is substituted “
(ia)
”.

111Time limits for legal proceedings

In section 116 of the Social Security Administration Act 1992 (legal proceedings), in subsection (2)—

(a)

in paragraph (a), for “other than an offence relating to housing benefit or council tax benefit” there is substituted “
(other than proceedings to which paragraph (b) applies)
”;

(b)

in paragraph (b), after “proceedings“ there is inserted “brought by the appropriate authority”.

112Prosecution powers of local authorities

(1)

The Social Security Administration Act 1992 is amended as follows.

(2)

After section 116 there is inserted—

“116ZALocal authority powers to prosecute housing benefit and council tax benefit fraud

(1)

This section applies to an authority administering housing benefit or council tax benefit.

(2)

The authority may not bring proceedings against a person for a benefit offence relating to either of those benefits unless—

(a)

the authority has already started an investigation in relation to that person in respect of the offence,

(b)

in a case where the proceedings relate to housing benefit, the authority has already started an investigation in relation to the person in respect of a benefit offence relating to council tax benefit, or has already brought proceedings against the person in respect of such an offence,

(c)

in a case where the proceedings relate to council tax benefit, the authority has already started an investigation in relation to the person in respect of a benefit offence relating to housing benefit, or has already brought proceedings against the person in respect of such an offence,

(d)

the proceedings arise in prescribed circumstances or are of a prescribed description, or

(e)

the Secretary of State has directed that the authority may bring the proceedings.

(3)

The Secretary of State may direct that in prescribed circumstances, an authority may not bring proceedings by virtue of subsection (2)(a), (b) or (c) despite the requirements in those provisions being met.

(4)

A direction under subsection (2)(e) or (3) may relate to a particular authority or description of authority or to particular proceedings or any description of proceedings.

(5)

If the Secretary of State prescribes conditions for the purposes of this section, an authority may bring proceedings in accordance with this section only if any such condition is satisfied.

(6)

The Secretary of State may continue proceedings which have been brought by an authority in accordance with this section as if the proceedings had been brought in his name or he may discontinue the proceedings if—

(a)

the proceedings were brought by virtue of subsection (2)(a), (b) or (c),

(b)

he makes provision under subsection (2)(d) which has the effect that the authority would no longer be entitled to bring the proceedings in accordance with this section,

(c)

he withdraws a direction under subsection (2)(e) in relation to the proceedings, or

(d)

a condition prescribed under subsection (5) ceases to be satisfied in relation to the proceedings.

(7)

In exercising a power to bring proceedings in accordance with this section, a local authority must have regard to the Code for Crown Prosecutors issued by the Director of Public Prosecutions under section 10 of the Prosecution of Offences Act 1985—

(a)

in determining whether the proceedings should be instituted;

(b)

in determining what charges should be preferred;

(c)

in considering what representations to make to a magistrates’court about mode of trial;

(d)

in determining whether to discontinue proceedings.

(8)

Regulations shall define “an investigation in respect of a benefit offence” for the purposes of this section.

(9)

This section does not apply to Scotland.”

(3)

Section 116A (local authority powers to prosecute benefit fraud) is amended as follows.

(4)

In the heading, after “prosecute” there is inserted “
other
”.

(5)

In subsection (2)—

(a)

for “unless” there is substituted “
only if
”;

(b)

in paragraph (b), for “must not”, there is substituted “
may
”.

(6)

In subsection (4)(b), for “gives” there is substituted “
withdraws
”.